Trac マクロ

Trac マクロとは、 Python で書かれた 'カスタム関数' によって Trac の Wiki エンジンを拡張するプラグインです。 WikiFormatting エンジンが利用可能なあらゆるコンテキストにおいて、マクロを使用することによって、動的な HTML データが挿入されます。

もう 1 種類のマクロは WikiProcessors です。これは通常、 Wiki 以外のマークアップ形式と表示を取り扱うために使用し、多くは、 (ソースコードハイライトのような) より大きいブロックに使用します。

マクロの利用

マクロ呼び出しは、二つの 角括弧 (square brackets) で括られた箇所です。 Python 関数のように、マクロは引数を取ることができ、括弧 (parenthesis) の中に、カンマで区切ったリストで表記します。

詳細なヘルプを見るには

マクロの一覧と完全なヘルプは、 下記のマクロ一覧 にある MacroList マクロを使用してみることができます。

簡単なマクロ一覧は [[MacroList(*)]] や [[?]] で見ることができます。

特定のマクロの詳細なヘルプを参照したい場合は、 MacroList マクロに引数渡すことによって参照することができます。例) [[MacroList(MacroList)]] 。もしくは、便宜上、 [[MacroList?]] のようにマクロ名にクエスチョンマーク (?) をつけることでヘルプをみることができます。

利用例

'Trac' で始まる Wiki ページの最近の変更履歴 3 件分を表示するマクロです:

Wiki マークアップ	表示
[[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]	Oct 1, 2012 TracNavigation (diff) TracBackup (diff) TracTickets (diff)
[[RecentChanges?(Trac,3)]]	[[RecentChanges]] List all pages that have recently been modified, ordered by the time they were last modified. This macro accepts two ordered arguments and a named argument. The named argument can be placed in any position within the argument list. The first parameter is a prefix string: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are included in the list. The second parameter is the maximum number of pages to include in the list. The group parameter determines how the list is presented: group=date The pages are presented in bulleted lists that are grouped by date (default). group=none The pages are presented in a single bulleted list. Tip: if you only want to specify a maximum number of entries and don't want to filter by prefix, specify an empty first parameter, e.g. [[RecentChanges(,10,group=none)]].
[[?]]	[[Image]] Embed an image in wiki-formatted text. The first argument is the file … [[InterTrac]] Provide a list of known InterTrac prefixes. [[InterWiki]] Provide a description list for the known InterWiki prefixes. [[KnownMimeTypes]] List all known mime-types which can be used as WikiProcessors. Can be … [[MacroList]] Display a list of all installed Wiki macros, including documentation if … [[PageOutline]] Display a structural outline of the current wiki page, each item in the … [[RecentChanges]] List all pages that have recently been modified, ordered by the time they … [[RepositoryIndex]] Display the list of available repositories. Can be given the following … [[TicketQuery]] Wiki macro listing tickets that match certain criteria. This macro … [[TitleIndex]] Insert an alphabetic list of all wiki pages into the output. Accepts a … [[TracAdminHelp]] Display help for trac-admin commands. Examples: […] [[TracGuideToc]] Display a table of content for the Trac guide. This macro shows a quick … [[TracIni]] Produce documentation for the Trac configuration file. Typically, this … [[Workflow]] Render a workflow graph. This macro accepts a TracWorkflow configuration …

マクロ一覧

Note: 以下に示すリストはマクロドキュメントを含むものだけです。 -OO による最適化や、 mod_python での PythonOptimize オプションが設定されていると表示されません。

[[Image]]

Embed an image in wiki-formatted text.

The first argument is the file specification. The file specification may reference attachments in three ways:

• module:id:file, where module can be either wiki or ticket, to refer to the attachment named file of the specified wiki page or ticket.
• id:file: same as above, but id is either a ticket shorthand or a Wiki page name.
• file to refer to a local attachment named 'file'. This only works from within that wiki page or a ticket.

Also, the file specification may refer to repository files, using the source:file syntax (source:file@rev works also).

Files can also be accessed with a direct URLs; /file for a project-relative, //file for a server-relative, or http://server/file for absolute location of the file.

The remaining arguments are optional and allow configuring the attributes and style of the rendered <img> element:

• digits and unit are interpreted as the size (ex. 120, 25%) for the image
• right, left, center, top, bottom and middle are interpreted as the alignment for the image (alternatively, the first three can be specified using align=... and the last three using valign=...)
• link=some TracLinks... replaces the link to the image source by the one specified using a TracLinks. If no value is specified, the link is simply removed.
• nolink means without link to image source (deprecated, use link=)
• key=value style are interpreted as HTML attributes or CSS style indications for the image. Valid keys are:
  • align, valign, border, width, height, alt, title, longdesc, class, margin, margin-(left,right,top,bottom), id and usemap
  • border, margin, and margin-* can only be a single number
  • margin is superseded by center which uses auto margins

Examples:

    [[Image(photo.jpg)]]                           # simplest
    [[Image(photo.jpg, 120px)]]                    # with image width size
    [[Image(photo.jpg, right)]]                    # aligned by keyword
    [[Image(photo.jpg, nolink)]]                   # without link to source
    [[Image(photo.jpg, align=right)]]              # aligned by attribute

You can use image from other page, other ticket or other module.

    [[Image(OtherPage:foo.bmp)]]    # if current module is wiki
    [[Image(base/sub:bar.bmp)]]     # from hierarchical wiki page
    [[Image(#3:baz.bmp)]]           # if in a ticket, point to #3
    [[Image(ticket:36:boo.jpg)]]
    [[Image(source:/images/bee.jpg)]] # straight from the repository!
    [[Image(htdocs:foo/bar.png)]]   # image file in project htdocs dir.

Adapted from the Image.py macro created by Shun-ichi Goto <gotoh@…>

[[InterTrac]]

Provide a list of known InterTrac prefixes.

[[InterWiki]]

Provide a description list for the known InterWiki prefixes.

[[KnownMimeTypes]]

List all known mime-types which can be used as WikiProcessors.

Can be given an optional argument which is interpreted as mime-type filter.

[[MacroList]]

Display a list of all installed Wiki macros, including documentation if available.

Optionally, the name of a specific macro can be provided as an argument. In that case, only the documentation for that macro will be rendered.

Note that this macro will not be able to display the documentation of macros if the PythonOptimize option is enabled for mod_python!

[[PageOutline]]

Display a structural outline of the current wiki page, each item in the outline being a link to the corresponding heading.

This macro accepts four optional parameters:

• The first is a number or range that allows configuring the minimum and maximum level of headings that should be included in the outline. For example, specifying "1" here will result in only the top-level headings being included in the outline. Specifying "2-3" will make the outline include all headings of level 2 and 3, as a nested list. The default is to include all heading levels.
• The second parameter can be used to specify a custom title (the default is no title).
• The third parameter selects the style of the outline. This can be either inline or pullout (the latter being the default). The inline style renders the outline as normal part of the content, while pullout causes the outline to be rendered in a box that is by default floated to the right side of the other content.
• The fourth parameter specifies whether the outline is numbered or not. It can be either numbered or unnumbered (the former being the default). This parameter only has an effect in inline style.

[[RecentChanges]]

List all pages that have recently been modified, ordered by the time they were last modified.

This macro accepts two ordered arguments and a named argument. The named argument can be placed in any position within the argument list.

The first parameter is a prefix string: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are included in the list.

The second parameter is the maximum number of pages to include in the list.

The group parameter determines how the list is presented:

group=date

The pages are presented in bulleted lists that are grouped by date (default).

group=none

The pages are presented in a single bulleted list.

Tip: if you only want to specify a maximum number of entries and don't want to filter by prefix, specify an empty first parameter, e.g. [[RecentChanges(,10,group=none)]].

[[RepositoryIndex]]

Display the list of available repositories.

Can be given the following named arguments:

format

Select the rendering format:

• compact produces a comma-separated list of repository prefix names (default)
• list produces a description list of repository prefix names
• table produces a table view, similar to the one visible in the Browse View page

glob

Do a glob-style filtering on the repository names (defaults to '*')

order

Order repositories by the given column (one of "name", "date" or "author")

desc

When set to 1, order by descending order

(since 0.12)

[[TicketQuery]]

Wiki macro listing tickets that match certain criteria.

This macro accepts a comma-separated list of keyed parameters, in the form "key=value".

If the key is the name of a field, the value must use the syntax of a filter specifier as defined in TracQuery#QueryLanguage. Note that this is not the same as the simplified URL syntax used for query: links starting with a ? character. Commas (,) can be included in field values by escaping them with a backslash (\).

Groups of field constraints to be OR-ed together can be separated by a litteral or argument.

In addition to filters, several other named parameters can be used to control how the results are presented. All of them are optional.

The format parameter determines how the list of tickets is presented:

• list -- the default presentation is to list the ticket ID next to the summary, with each ticket on a separate line.
• compact -- the tickets are presented as a comma-separated list of ticket IDs.
• count -- only the count of matching tickets is displayed
• table -- a view similar to the custom query view (but without the controls)
• progress -- a view similar to the milestone progress bars

The max parameter can be used to limit the number of tickets shown (defaults to 0, i.e. no maximum).

The order parameter sets the field used for ordering tickets (defaults to id).

The desc parameter indicates whether the order of the tickets should be reversed (defaults to false).

The group parameter sets the field used for grouping tickets (defaults to not being set).

The groupdesc parameter indicates whether the natural display order of the groups should be reversed (defaults to false).

The verbose parameter can be set to a true value in order to get the description for the listed tickets. For table format only. deprecated in favor of the rows parameter

The rows parameter can be used to specify which field(s) should be viewed as a row, e.g. rows=description|summary

For compatibility with Trac 0.10, if there's a last positional parameter given to the macro, it will be used to specify the format. Also, using "&" as a field separator still works (except for order) but is deprecated.

[[TitleIndex]]

Insert an alphabetic list of all wiki pages into the output.

Accepts a prefix string as parameter: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are listed. If the prefix is specified, a second argument of value hideprefix can be given as well, in order to remove that prefix from the output.

Alternate format and depth named parameters can be specified:

• format=compact: The pages are displayed as comma-separated links.
• format=group: The list of pages will be structured in groups according to common prefix. This format also supports a min=n argument, where n is the minimal number of pages for a group.
• format=hierarchy: The list of pages will be structured according to the page name path hierarchy. This format also supports a min=n argument, where higher n flatten the display hierarchy
• depth=n: limit the depth of the pages to list. If set to 0, only toplevel pages will be shown, if set to 1, only immediate children pages will be shown, etc. If not set, or set to -1, all pages in the hierarchy will be shown.
• include=page1:page*2: include only pages that match an item in the colon-separated list of pages. If the list is empty, or if no include argument is given, include all pages.
• exclude=page1:page*2: exclude pages that match an item in the colon- separated list of pages.

The include and exclude lists accept shell-style patterns.

[[TracAdminHelp]]

Display help for trac-admin commands.

Examples:

[[TracAdminHelp]]               # all commands
[[TracAdminHelp(wiki)]]         # all wiki commands
[[TracAdminHelp(wiki export)]]  # the "wiki export" command
[[TracAdminHelp(upgrade)]]      # the upgrade command

[[TracGuideToc]]

Display a table of content for the Trac guide.

This macro shows a quick and dirty way to make a table-of-contents for the Help/Guide. The table of contents will contain the Trac* and WikiFormatting pages, and can't be customized. Search for TocMacro for a a more customizable table of contents.

[[TracIni]]

Produce documentation for the Trac configuration file.

Typically, this will be used in the TracIni page. Optional arguments are a configuration section filter, and a configuration option name filter: only the configuration options whose section and name start with the filters are output.

[[Workflow]]

Render a workflow graph.

This macro accepts a TracWorkflow configuration and renders the states and transitions as a directed graph. If no parameters are given, the current ticket workflow is rendered. In WikiProcessors mode the width and height arguments can be specified.

(Defaults: width = 800 and heigth = 600)

Examples:

    [[Workflow()]]
    
    [[Workflow(go = here -> there; return = there -> here)]]
    
    {{{
    #!Workflow width=700 height=700
    leave = * -> *
    leave.operations = leave_status
    leave.default = 1

    accept = new,assigned,accepted,reopened -> accepted
    accept.permissions = TICKET_MODIFY
    accept.operations = set_owner_to_self

    resolve = new,assigned,accepted,reopened -> closed
    resolve.permissions = TICKET_MODIFY
    resolve.operations = set_resolution

    reassign = new,assigned,accepted,reopened -> assigned
    reassign.permissions = TICKET_MODIFY
    reassign.operations = set_owner

    reopen = closed -> reopened
    reopen.permissions = TICKET_CREATE
    reopen.operations = del_resolution
    }}}

世界のマクロを共有

​Trac Hacks というサイトは、コミュニティに寄稿されたマクロと プラグイン を収集し提供しています。新しいマクロを探している、共有したいマクロを作成した、などの場合は遠慮なく Trac Hacks のサイトを訪問してください。

カスタムマクロを開発する

マクロは、 Trac 本体と同様 ​Python で書かれています。そして TracPlugins の一種として開発します

マクロの開発についての詳しい情報は ​リソースの開発 を参照してください。

Trac 0.11 でマクロを作成する簡単な例を 2 つ紹介します。

古いマクロと新しいマクロの違いを示す例は ​Timestamp.py を参照してください。また、古いマクロから新しいマクロに移行するための情報は ​macros/README を参照してください。

引数なしのマクロ

下記のソースコードをテストするためには、このソースコードを timestamp_sample.py として保存し、 TracEnvironment の plugins/ に配置しなければなりません。

from datetime import datetime
# Note: since Trac 0.11, datetime objects are used internally

from genshi.builder import tag

from trac.util.datefmt import format_datetime, utc
from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase

class TimeStampMacro(WikiMacroBase):
    """Inserts the current time (in seconds) into the wiki page."""

    revision = "$Rev$"
    url = "$URL$"

    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text):
        t = datetime.now(utc)
        return tag.b(format_datetime(t, '%c'))

引数付きのマクロ

下記のソースコードをテストするためには、このソースコードを helloworld_sample.py として保存し、 TracEnvironment の plugins/ に配置しなければなりません。

from genshi.core import Markup

from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase

class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
    """Simple HelloWorld macro.

    Note that the name of the class is meaningful:
     - it must end with "Macro"
     - what comes before "Macro" ends up being the macro name

    The documentation of the class (i.e. what you're reading)
    will become the documentation of the macro, as shown by
    the !MacroList macro (usually used in the WikiMacros page).
    """

    revision = "$Rev$"
    url = "$URL$"

    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
        """Return some output that will be displayed in the Wiki content.

        `name` is the actual name of the macro (no surprise, here it'll be
        `'HelloWorld'`),
        `text` is the text enclosed in parenthesis at the call of the macro.
          Note that if there are ''no'' parenthesis (like in, e.g.
          [[HelloWorld]]), then `text` is `None`.
        `args` are the arguments passed when HelloWorld is called using a
        `#!HelloWorld` code block.
        """
        return 'Hello World, text = %s, args = %s' % \
            (Markup.escape(text), Markup.escape(repr(args)))

Note: expand_macro は 第4パラメータに、 args を任意に取ることもできます。 このマクロが WikiProcessor として呼ばれたとき、 key=value 形式の プロセッサパラメータ を渡すことも可能です。もし、このパラメータを指定したとき、これらの値は、ディクショナリの中に保存され、 追加の args パラメータによって渡されます。一方で、マクロとして呼び出されたときは、 args パラメータは、 None として扱われます (0.12 以降) 。

例として、このように記述した場合:

{{{#!HelloWorld style="polite"
<Hello World!>
}}}

{{{#!HelloWorld
<Hello World!>
}}}

[[HelloWorld(<Hello World!>)]]

結果はこのようになります:

Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {'style': u'polite'}
Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {}
Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = None

Note: expand_macro が返す値は、 HTML がエスケープされて いない ことに注意して下さい。期待する戻り値によっては、あなた自身でエスケープする必要があります (return Markup.escape(result) を使用できます)。また、戻り値として HTML が返ってくると分かっているならば、結果を (return Markup(result)) という風に Genshi が提供している Markup (from genshi.core import Markup) オブジェクトでラップすることもできます。

また、text を Wiki としてマークアップする場合、 Wiki Formatter (from trac.wiki import Formatter) オブジェクトも再帰的に使用することができます。以下がサンプルです:

    text = "whatever wiki markup you want, even containing other macros"
    # Convert Wiki markup to HTML, new style
    out = StringIO()
    Formatter(self.env, formatter.context).format(text, out)
    return Markup(out.getvalue())