| | 11 | }}} |
| | 12 | |
| | 13 | == 問題 == |
| | 14 | * 次のようなタスクを登録した場合 |
| | 15 | 1. /etc/cron.hourly/1 |
| | 16 | {{{ |
| | 17 | #!/bin/sh |
| | 18 | |
| | 19 | sleep 60 |
| | 20 | touch /tmp/1.$$.`date +%T.%N` |
| | 21 | ls -l /tmp/1* |
| | 22 | }}} |
| | 23 | 1. /etc/cron.hourly/2 |
| | 24 | {{{ |
| | 25 | #!/bin/sh |
| | 26 | |
| | 27 | sleep 60 |
| | 28 | touch /tmp/2.$$.`date +%T.%N` |
| | 29 | ls -l /tmp/2* |
| | 30 | }}} |
| | 31 | 1. /etc/cron.hourly/3 |
| | 32 | {{{ |
| | 33 | #!/bin/sh |
| | 34 | |
| | 35 | sleep 60 |
| | 36 | touch /tmp/3.$$.`date +%T.%N` |
| | 37 | ls -l /tmp/3* |
| | 38 | }}} |
| | 39 | |
| | 40 | * 1 -> 2 -> 3 と逐次実行されるため、同時並行より遅いタイミングでタスクが処理される |
| | 41 | 1. pstree -ap |
| | 42 | {{{ |
| | 43 | ├─cron,3751 |
| | 44 | │ └─cron,3792 |
| | 45 | │ └─sh,3794 -c cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly |
| | 46 | │ └─run-parts,3795 --report /etc/cron.hourly |
| | 47 | │ └─1,3796 /etc/cron.hourly/1 |
| | 48 | │ └─sleep,3797 60 |
| | 49 | }}} |
| | 50 | 1. pstree -ap |
| | 51 | {{{ |
| | 52 | ├─cron,3751 |
| | 53 | │ └─cron,3792 |
| | 54 | │ ├─sendmail,3806 -i -FCronDaemon -oem root |
| | 55 | │ │ └─postdrop,3809 -r |
| | 56 | │ └─sh,3794 -c cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly |
| | 57 | │ └─run-parts,3795 --report /etc/cron.hourly |
| | 58 | │ └─2,3807 /etc/cron.hourly/2 |
| | 59 | │ └─sleep,3808 60 |
| | 60 | }}} |
| | 61 | 1. pstree -ap |
| | 62 | {{{ |
| | 63 | ├─cron,3751 |
| | 64 | │ └─cron,3792 |
| | 65 | │ ├─sendmail,3806 -i -FCronDaemon -oem root |
| | 66 | │ │ └─postdrop,3809 -r |
| | 67 | │ └─sh,3794 -c cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly |
| | 68 | │ └─run-parts,3795 --report /etc/cron.hourly |
| | 69 | │ └─3,3816 /etc/cron.hourly/3 |
| | 70 | │ └─sleep,3817 60 |
| | 71 | }}} |
| | 72 | |
| | 73 | * 実行ログはまとめて配送される |
| | 74 | * mail |
| | 75 | {{{ |
| | 76 | Mail version 8.1.2 01/15/2001. Type ? for help. |
| | 77 | "/var/mail/mitty": 1 message 1 new |
| | 78 | >N 1 root@lucid.mitty. Tue May 18 17:20 24/968 Cron <root@lucid> cd / & |
| | 79 | & |
| | 80 | Message 1: |
| | 81 | From root@lucid.mitty.jp Tue May 18 17:20:01 2010 |
| | 82 | X-Original-To: root |
| | 83 | From: root@lucid.mitty.jp (Cron Daemon) |
| | 84 | To: root@lucid.mitty.jp |
| | 85 | Subject: Cron <root@lucid> cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly |
| | 86 | Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ANSI_X3.4-1968 |
| | 87 | X-Cron-Env: <SHELL=/bin/sh> |
| | 88 | X-Cron-Env: <PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin> |
| | 89 | X-Cron-Env: <HOME=/root> |
| | 90 | X-Cron-Env: <LOGNAME=root> |
| | 91 | Date: Tue, 18 May 2010 17:18:01 +0900 (JST) |
| | 92 | |
| | 93 | /etc/cron.hourly/1: |
| | 94 | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 18 17:18 /tmp/1.3796.17:18:01.530794512 |
| | 95 | /etc/cron.hourly/2: |
| | 96 | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 18 17:19 /tmp/2.3807.17:19:01.552276713 |
| | 97 | /etc/cron.hourly/3: |
| | 98 | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 18 17:20 /tmp/3.3816.17:20:01.573785281 |
| | 99 | }}} |
| | 100 | |
| | 101 | === サブシェルにより解決法 === |
| | 102 | * 各タスクを次のようにサブシェル化する |
| | 103 | 1. /etc/cron.hourly/1 |
| | 104 | {{{ |
| | 105 | #!/bin/sh |
| | 106 | |
| | 107 | ( |
| | 108 | sleep 60 |
| | 109 | touch /tmp/1.$$.`date +%T.%N` |
| | 110 | ls -l /tmp/1* 2>&1 | mail $LOGNAME |
| | 111 | ) >/dev/null 2>&1 & |
| | 112 | }}} |
| | 113 | 1. /etc/cron.hourly/2 |
| | 114 | {{{ |
| | 115 | #!/bin/sh |
| | 116 | |
| | 117 | ( |
| | 118 | sleep 60 |
| | 119 | touch /tmp/2.$$.`date +%T.%N` |
| | 120 | ls -l /tmp/2* 2>&1 | mail $LOGNAME |
| | 121 | ) >/dev/null 2>&1 & |
| | 122 | }}} |
| | 123 | 1. /etc/cron.hourly/3 |
| | 124 | {{{ |
| | 125 | #!/bin/sh |
| | 126 | |
| | 127 | ( |
| | 128 | sleep 60 |
| | 129 | touch /tmp/3.$$.`date +%T.%N` |
| | 130 | ls -l /tmp/3* 2>&1 | mail $LOGNAME |
| | 131 | ) >/dev/null 2>&1 & |
| | 132 | }}} |
| | 133 | |
| | 134 | * 同時実行される |
| | 135 | * pstree -ap |
| | 136 | {{{ |
| | 137 | ├─1,3860 /etc/cron.hourly/1 |
| | 138 | │ └─sleep,3865 60 |
| | 139 | ├─2,3862 /etc/cron.hourly/2 |
| | 140 | │ └─sleep,3864 60 |
| | 141 | ├─3,3866 /etc/cron.hourly/3 |
| | 142 | │ └─sleep,3867 60 |
| | 143 | |
| | 144 | ├─cron,3836 |
| | 145 | }}} |
| | 146 | |
| | 147 | * 実行ログはmailコマンドにより個別に配送される |
| | 148 | * mail |
| | 149 | {{{ |
| | 150 | Mail version 8.1.2 01/15/2001. Type ? for help. |
| | 151 | "/var/mail/mitty": 3 messages 3 new |
| | 152 | >N 1 root@lucid.mitty. Tue May 18 17:18 13/480 |
| | 153 | N 2 root@lucid.mitty. Tue May 18 17:18 13/480 |
| | 154 | N 3 root@lucid.mitty. Tue May 18 17:18 13/480 |
| | 155 | & |
| | 156 | Message 1: |
| | 157 | From root@lucid.mitty.jp Tue May 18 17:18:01 2010 |
| | 158 | X-Original-To: root |
| | 159 | To: root@lucid.mitty.jp |
| | 160 | Date: Tue, 18 May 2010 17:18:01 +0900 (JST) |
| | 161 | From: root@lucid.mitty.jp (root) |
| | 162 | |
| | 163 | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 18 17:18 /tmp/3.3863.17:18:01.400271817 |
| | 164 | |
| | 165 | & |
| | 166 | Message 2: |
| | 167 | From root@lucid.mitty.jp Tue May 18 17:18:01 2010 |
| | 168 | X-Original-To: root |
| | 169 | To: root@lucid.mitty.jp |
| | 170 | Date: Tue, 18 May 2010 17:18:01 +0900 (JST) |
| | 171 | From: root@lucid.mitty.jp (root) |
| | 172 | |
| | 173 | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 18 17:18 /tmp/2.3861.17:18:01.397221662 |
| | 174 | |
| | 175 | & |
| | 176 | Message 3: |
| | 177 | From root@lucid.mitty.jp Tue May 18 17:18:01 2010 |
| | 178 | X-Original-To: root |
| | 179 | To: root@lucid.mitty.jp |
| | 180 | Date: Tue, 18 May 2010 17:18:01 +0900 (JST) |
| | 181 | From: root@lucid.mitty.jp (root) |
| | 182 | |
| | 183 | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 18 17:18 /tmp/1.3859.17:18:01.401215856 |