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 = Ubuntu tips =
 * [http://www.ubuntulinux.jp/products/JA-Localized Ubuntuの日本語環境 | Ubuntu Japanese Team]
 * [https://wiki.ubuntulinux.jp/UbuntuTips/Others/BootOptions 起動オプションの設定方法 - Ubuntu Japanese Wiki]
 * [http://tobysoft.net/wiki/index.php?Ubuntu%2F%BC%AB%C6%B0%A5%A2%A5%C3%A5%D7%A5%C7%A1%BC%A5%C8%A4%B5%A4%BB%A4%EB Ubuntu/自動アップデートさせる - TOBY SOFT wiki]
 * [https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/automatic-updates.html Automatic Updates]
 * [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PinningHowto PinningHowto - Community Ubuntu Documentation]
 * [http://netlog.jpn.org/r271-635/2009/03/linux_ubuntusysvrcinit.html (Linux) Ubuntuで不要なサービスをsysv-rc-initで無効化する (r271-635)]
 * [http://superuser.com/questions/86347/whats-difference-between-group-admin-and-adm ubuntu - What's difference between group admin and adm? - Super User]
 > The adm group is only good for viewing all the log files in /var/log (which historically used to be called /var/adm). It has no relation to sudo or root.
 * [http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/ Upstart Intro, Cookbook and Best Practises]
  * upstartのログ(実行時のconsoleログ)は /var/log/upstart/ に保存される
 * [http://askubuntu.com/questions/89710/how-do-i-free-up-more-space-in-boot disk usage - How do I free up more space in /boot? - Ask Ubuntu]
 > {{{
 > sudo aptitude purge $(dpkg -l linux-{image,headers}-"[0-9]*" | awk '/ii/{print $2}' | grep -ve "$(uname -r | sed -r 's/-[a-z]+//')")
 > }}}
  * 現在使用しているカーネル以外の古いカーネルを削除し、/bootの空きを増やす

 * update-notifier-common
 * ログイン時に以下の様なmotdを表示する
  * $ /usr/lib/update-notifier/apt-check --human-readable
{{{
0 packages can be updated.
0 updates are security updates.
}}}
  * {{{/etc/update-motd.d/}}}以下にも追加される

 * [http://freearc.org/ FreeArc archiver] (i386)をUbuntu 12.04で利用する
  * {{{aptitude install -R ia32-libs libgmp3c2:i386}}}

 == インストール時に全体的に参考になるサイト ==
 * [http://wiki.yulii.net/Ubuntu Ubuntu - RyoWiki]

 = hardy backports =
 * sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list.d/backports.list
{{{
# hardy
deb     http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/     hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/     hardy-backports main restricted universe
}}}

 = check update with cron =
 == cron-apt ==
 * 設定が煩雑
   * confが長い
   * 複雑なことをするには向いている
 * デフォルトでは、パッケージの自動ダウンロードを行うが、対象がdist-upgradeになっていて良くない

 == apticron ==
 * cron-aptに比べて設定項目はかなり少ない
 * メール本文が冗長

 == 解法 ==
 * 参考 => [http://www.jp-z.jp/linux/apt_auto.html apt 更新通知 Debian Linux Server]


 * 以下のようなスクリプトを作成してcron.daily対応 => source:/lab.git/TipAndDoc/cron.daily/apt-cron
{{{
#!/bin/sh

set -e

/usr/bin/aptitude update > /dev/null 2>&1

if [ `/usr/bin/aptitude -s -y safe-upgrade | /bin/grep -c ^0` -eq 0 ]; then
    /usr/bin/aptitude -s -y safe-upgrade | /bin/grep '^[ T0-9]'
fi
}}}
 * 以下のようなメールが来る
{{{
/etc/cron.hourly/apt-cron:
The following packages have been kept back:
  linux-image-server linux-server ntfs-3g 
The following packages will be upgraded:
  cron ntp ntpdate 
3 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
}}}

 = poweroff with power button =
 * [http://www.watanet.org/~chihiro/index.cgi/linux/ubuntu/20090210_ubuntu-powerbtn-hibernate.html wps-B - Ubuntuで電源ボタンを押してハイバーネーションさせる - ubuntu acpid]

 1. install package => acpid
 1. 必要に応じて /etc/acpi/events/powerbtn を編集
{{{
event=button[ /]power
action=/etc/acpi/powerbtn.sh
}}}

 = Wubi =
 * #25
 * NTFS上に仮想ディスクを作り、UbuntuとWindowsをデュアルブート出来るようにするツール
 * https://wiki.ubuntulinux.jp/UbuntuTips/Install/WubiGuide

 * 「Windowsを「休止状態」->再起動->Ubuntu」は不可
  * 「休止状態」にあることをWindows側のbootloaderが検知して、問答無用で休止状態から復旧するためと思われる

 = search header files =
 * [http://www1.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=1484520 Location of header file - Ubuntu Forums]
 > One very nice tool for finding a package for certain file is '''apt-file'''
  1. $ sudo aptitude install -R apt-file
{{{
  apt-file curl{a} libapt-pkg-perl{a} libconfig-file-perl{a} libcurl3{a}
  liblist-moreutils-perl{a}
}}}
  1. $ sudo apt-file update
{{{
Downloading complete file http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/lucid/Contents-i386.gz

(snip)
}}}
  1. $ apt-file search ncurses.h
{{{
doc-linux-ja-html: /usr/share/doc/HOWTO/ja-html/LFS-BOOK/appendixa/ncurses.html
doc-linux-ja-html: /usr/share/doc/HOWTO/ja-html/LFS-BOOK/chapter05/ncurses.html
doc-linux-ja-html: /usr/share/doc/HOWTO/ja-html/LFS-BOOK/chapter06/ncurses.html
libncurses5-dev: /usr/include/ncurses.h
libncursesw5-dev: /usr/include/ncursesw/ncurses.h
}}}

 = 11.04 Natty Narwhal =
 == tty7 ==
 * install from https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/MinimalCD
  * http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/natty/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/mini.iso sha1: 971f67b98323f090f3609f5c7fe78478d564122d
 * no login prompt[[br]][[Image(11.04-no_login_prompt.png,33%)]]

 * Ctrl+Alt+F1～F6でtty7以外に移れば良い
 * [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/695658 Bug #695658 in grub2 (Ubuntu): “grub2 configuration has vt.handoff=7 even when X11 is not installed”]
 > The following line in /etc/grub.d/10_linux is present in Natty but not Maverick:
 > {{{
 > GRUB_CMDLINE_EXTRA="$GRUB_CMDLINE_EXTRA vt.handoff=7"
 > }}}
 > And then these were the steps I took, to confirm my analysis of the bug:
 > 1. (1) Edit /etc/grub.d/10_linux (e.g. "sudo nano -w /etc/grub.d/10_linux") and comment out the line containing "vt.handoff", or change the number from 7 to some lower number. (I tried it both ways; they both worked.)
 > 1. (2) Run "sudo update-grub" to apply the new configuration.
 > 1. (3) Reboot. A usable virtual terminal with a login prompt comes up automatically.
 * [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/761830 Bug #761830 in grub2 (Ubuntu): “grub2 still hands off to blank tty7 on non-Server command-line-only systems”]
  * https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/761830/comments/16
  > After reading this bug I've commented out the "for word in $GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT; do" clause in /etc/grub.d/10_linux, and also changed GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT in /etc/default/grub to "noplymouth" instead of "quiet splash", and now my boot is working great and I get the expected login prompt.

 * /etc/grub.d/10_linux
{{{
for word in $GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT; do
  if [ "$word" = splash ]; then
    GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="$GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT vt.handoff=7"
  fi
done
}}}
 * /etc/default/grub
{{{#!diff
--- /etc/default/grub.bak       2011-06-01 10:28:41.785538530 +0900
+++ /etc/default/grub   2011-06-01 11:47:23.218729090 +0900
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
 GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
-GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="splash quiet"
+GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="noplymouth"
 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

 # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
}}}

 = 12.04 =
 * tasksel でsshdのみ選択した際に、追加で入れておいた方が良さそうなパッケージ
  * acpid ethtool git gdisk htop screen smartmontools subversion vim
  * locate は /usr/bin/locate -> /etc/alternatives/locate -> /usr/bin/mlocate とmlocateで提供されている
 * manage /etc/network/interfaces with NetworkManager
  * [http://www.sitepoint.com/ubuntu-12-04-lts-precise-pangolin-networking-tips-and-tricks/ Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Precise Pangolin: Networking tips and tricks - SitePoint]
 * [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkManager#Disabling_NetworkManager NetworkManager - Community Ubuntu Documentation]
 > According to [https://launchpad.net/bugs/82335 this bug] here's how to disable Network Manager without uninstalling it:
 > {{{
 > echo "manual" | sudo tee /etc/init/network-manager.override
 > }}}
 * gnome classic (no effect)
  * Ubuntu Software Center から The GNOME Desktop Environment, with extra componentsをインストールする
  * no effectが無いgnome classicだと、ウィンドウのタイトルバーが表示されない・ウィンドウをリサイズできない・ウィンドウを移動できない、などの問題が発生した
   * [http://askubuntu.com/questions/131694/cannot-resize-windows-at-lower-right-corner 12.04 - Cannot resize windows at lower right corner? - Ask Ubuntu]
   * [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1975121 (gnome) 12.04 upgrade now problems with windows and gui - Ubuntu Forums]
 * indicator-messages
  * SNSクライアントのempathyなどを起動出来る、画面右上に封筒のアイコン
 * ibus-mozc

 * [http://kronus9.sblo.jp/article/60175944.html Ubuntu 12.04のUIをGNOME Classicへ変更する: 黄昏てなんかいられない]
 >   aptitude install gnome-panel gnome-tweak-tool
 > gnome-tweak-toolパッケージの追加後に、[Applications]＞[System Tools]＞[Preferences]＞[Advanced Settings]メニューを開き、[Desktop]カテゴリ画面内の下の4つのオプションをONに変更する必要がある。
  * 12.10では[Advanced Settings]の代わりに[Tweak Tool]となっている模様

 == interfaces ==
 * http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man8/resolvconf.8.html
 * http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man5/resolv.conf.5.html
 * [http://anonscm.debian.org/gitweb/?p=resolvconf/resolvconf.git;a=blob;f=README;hb=HEAD anonscm.debian.org Git - resolvconf/resolvconf.git/blob - README]
 > {{{
 > * For each inet static logical interface through which a nameserver is
 >   accessible, add lines like the following to /etc/network/interfaces .
 > 
 >       dns-nameservers 11.22.33.44 55.66.77.88
 >       dns-search foo.org bar.com
 > 
 >   Other recognized option words are 'dns-domain' and 'dns-sortlist'.
 > }}}

 * [http://blog.libero-tecnologia.net/?p=6 さくらのVPSでubuntu12.04にアップデートしたら、resolv.confの中身が空っぽになった件 - 流浪のプログラマのブログ]
 > /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base

 = 12.10 =
 * eth0, eth1 などが無くなり、em1などとなっている
  * デスクトップ版をクリーンインストールした時のみ？